Ryan K. Olsen Region. [65], Located entirely within the southern temperate zone, Uruguay has a climate that is relatively mild and fairly uniform nationwide. [45] Although Baldomir declared Uruguay neutral in 1939, British warships and the German ship Admiral Graf Spee fought a battle not far off Uruguay's coast. Uruguay covers an area of approximately 181,034 square kilometers (69,898sqmi) and has a population of an estimated 3.4million, of whom around 2 million live in the metropolitan area of its capital and largest city, Montevideo. The members of government are elected for a five-year term by a universal suffrage system. WebUruguay - Uruguay - Results, fixtures, squad, statistics, photos, videos and news - Soccerway. [55], In 2009, Jos Mujica, a former left-wing guerrilla leader (Tupamaros) who spent almost 15 years in prison during the country's military rule, emerged as the new president as the Broad Front won the election for a second time. manufacturing plant. Patois speakers arrived to Uruguay from the Piedmont. [42] Montevideo became a major economic center of the region and an entrept for goods from Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. [25] In 2017 the average total fertility rate (TFR) across Uruguay was 1.70 children born per woman, below the replacement rate of 2.1, it remains considerably below the high of 5.76 children born per woman in 1882. The 1999 national elections were held under a new electoral system established by a 1996 constitutional amendment. On the map, surrounded by its large neighbors, Uruguay seems tiny, writes contemporary Uruguayan historian and novelist Eduardo Galeano. [66] Summers are tempered by winds off the Atlantic, and severe cold in winter is unknown. [138], Uruguay has no official religion; church and state are officially separated,[32] and religious freedom is guaranteed. It is part of the Southern Cone region of South America. WebUruguay le na pobe Atlantskho ocenu, v regionu Cono Sur. [69] Winter temperatures range from a daily average of 11C (52F) in the south to 14C (57F) in the north, while summer average daily temperatures range from 21C (70F) in the southeast to 25C (77F) in the northwest. [32] Colorado Party leader Julio Mara Sanguinetti won the presidency and served from 1985 to 1990. A 2010 Latinobarmetro poll found that, within Latin America, Uruguayans are among the most supportive of democracy and by far the most satisfied with the way democracy works in their country. The first Sanguinetti administration implemented economic reforms and consolidated democracy following the country's years under military rule.[32]. "Kaufman, who spoke at the U.S. Congressional Hearings of 1976 on behalf of Amnesty International, estimated that one in every five Uruguayans went into exile, one in fifty were detained, and one in five hundred went to prison (most of them tortured)." At the same time centre-right National Partys Luis Lacalle Pou was sworn as the new President of Uruguay.[79]. In 1603, the Spanish began to introduce cattle, which became a source of wealth in the region. [124] Namely, 17 destinations in Argentina[note 3]; 12 destinations in Brazil[note 5] and the capital cities of Chile and Paraguay. WebEntdecke Uruguay Erstflugabdeckung Montevideo nach Buenos Aires Argentinien 1960 Boac in groer Auswahl Vergleichen Angebote und Preise Online kaufen bei eBay Kostenlose Lieferung fr viele Artikel! It has a South Atlantic Ocean coastline and lies between Argentina to the west and Brazil to the north. The highest point in the country is the Cerro Catedral, whose peak reaches 514 metres (1,686ft) AMSL in the Sierra Carap hill range. During the 1960s and 1970s, Argentina underwent huge political and cultural societal change, as sectors such as the young, women and those living in the interior found their voices in challenging the status quo. [121] In 1949, the government nationalized the railways, along with the electric trams and the Montevideo Waterworks Company. At the time of independence, Uruguay had an estimated population of just under 75,000. general assessment: Uruguay has an advanced telecom market, with excellent infrastructure and one of the highest broadband penetration rates in Latin America; fixed-line teledensity is also particularly high for the region, while mobile penetration is the second highest after Panama; in terms of computer penetration, Uruguay tops all other countries in the region by a considerable margin, and this has facilitated growth in fixed-line broadband WebThe Directorates mission also includes determining priority sectors and projects and helping Argentine companies expand internationally and/or attract international investment. [162], State-run radio and TV are operated by the official broadcasting service SODRE. Punta del Este adjoins the city of Maldonado, while to its northeast along the coast are found the smaller resorts of La Barra and Jos Ignacio. [81] Uruguay ranks 21st as least corrupt in the World Corruption Perceptions Index composed by Transparency International. [24] However, these border disputes have not prevented both countries from having friendly diplomatic relations and strong economic ties. [35] Rivera declared war on Rosas in 1839. [167] Uruguay performed very creditably in the 2010 FIFA World Cup, having reached the semi-final for the first time in 40 years. [19][20] The name could also refer to a river snail called urugu (Pomella megastoma) that was plentiful across its shores. The country name of Uruguay derives from the namesake Ro Uruguay, from the Indigenous Guaran language. Uruguay is the only country in South America situated entirely south of the Tropic of Capricorn. Mit 176.215 Quadratkilometern Flche (davon rund 2.600 Quadratkilometer Wasserflche) ist es etwa halb so gro wie Deutschland. [66][67] Although it never gets too cold, frosts occur every year during the winter months, and precipitation such as sleet and hail occur almost every winter, but snow is very rare; it does occur every couple of years at higher elevations, but almost always without accumulation. [25] Besides stressing the importance of upholding spiritual over materialistic values, it also stresses resisting cultural dominance by Europe and the United States. [53], Uruguay ranks first in the world on a per capita basis for its contributions to the United Nations peacekeeping forces, with 2,513 soldiers and officers in 10 UN peacekeeping missions. [45] The Admiral Graf Spee took refuge in Montevideo, claiming sanctuary in a neutral port, but was later ordered out.[45]. [104], According to IMF estimates, Uruguay was likely to achieve growth in real GDP of between 8% and 8.5% in 2010, followed by 5% growth in 2011 and 4% in subsequent years. [153], Public education is the primary responsibility of three institutions: the Ministry of Education and Culture, which coordinates education policies, the National Public Education Administration, which formulates and implements policies on early to secondary education, and the University of the Republic, responsible for higher education. El Pas, the paper of the rival Blanco Party, has the largest circulation. [162] Consequently, Montevideo's newspapers, which account for all of Uruguay's principal daily newspapers, greatly expanded their circulations. Neither side gained the upper hand and in 1828 the Treaty of Montevideo, fostered by the United Kingdom through the diplomatic efforts of Viscount John Ponsonby, gave birth to Uruguay as an independent state. Originally they were Vaudois, who become Waldensians, giving their name to the city Colonia Valdense, which translated from the Spanish means "Waldensian Colony". [33], As a result, Artigas broke with Buenos Aires and besieged Montevideo, taking the city in early 1815. [72], Uruguay is a representative democratic republic with a presidential system. [26], Uruguay was first inhabited around 13,000 years ago by hunter-gatherers. [93], The Uruguayan armed forces are constitutionally subordinate to the president, through the minister of defense. In March 2020, Uruguay got a conservative government, meaning the end of 15 years of left-wing leadership under the Broad Front coalition. The people of this country are known to be warm, welcoming, and friendly. [32] Following the referendum, the armed forces announced a plan for the return to civilian rule, and national elections were held in 1984. Although Santana has open borders with Rivera, it's a different jurisdiction. [155] The OLPC programme represents less than 5% of the country's education budget. As would be expected with its abundance of water, high humidity and fog are common. Another spoken dialect was the Patois, which is an Occitan dialect. The relationship between the United States and Uruguay is strong. Nine straddle cranes allow for 80 to 100 movements per hour. Montevideo was occupied by a British force from February to September 1807. [77][78] However, in the 2004 Uruguayan general election, the Broad Front won an absolute majority in Parliamentary elections, and in 2009, Jos Mujica of the Broad Front defeated Luis Alberto Lacalle of the Blancos to win the presidency. [44] In 1933, Terra organized a coup d'tat, dissolving the General Assembly and governing by decree. [145], After independence, anti-clerical ideas spread to Uruguay, particularly from France, further eroding the influence of the church. [32] Armed forces personnel number about 14,000 for the Army, 6,000 for the Navy, and 3,000 for the Air Force. [105] Uruguay was ranked 65th in the Global Innovation Index in 2021, down from 62nd in 2019.[106][107][108][109]. The siege of Montevideo, which began in February 1843, would last nine years. [24] Until 1947, about 90% of the railroad system was British-owned. Its natural harbor soon developed into a commercial area competing with Ro de la Plata's capital, Buenos Aires. [32] As of February 2010, Uruguay had 1,136 military personnel deployed to Haiti in support of MINUSTAH and 1,360 deployed in support of MONUC in the Congo. [132] Seasonal variations are pronounced, but extremes in temperature are rare. [25] The psychological stories of Juan Carlos Onetti (such as "No Man's Land" and "The Shipyard") have earned widespread critical praise, as have the writings of Mario Benedetti. However, simply walking the streets allows tourists to experience the city's colorful culture. Historical monuments such as Torres Garcia Museum as well as Estadio Centenario, which housed the first world cup in history, are examples. [121] However, rail passenger commuter service into Montevideo was restarted in 1993, and now comprises three suburban lines. WebUruguayans ( Spanish: uruguayos) are people identified with the country of Uruguay, through citizenship or descent. Uruguay is home to people of different ethnic origins. ", Los 9 temas de Marama y Rombai en el top 10 de Spotify Argentina, "World Cup 2010: Diego Forlan collects Golden Ball award", The FIFA/Coca-Cola World Ranking Ranking Table, "Uruguay "exported" 1.414 football players in the last decade", World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Uruguay, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uruguay&oldid=1134235346. Other typical desserts include the Pastafrola (a type of cake filled with quince jelly), Chaj (meringue, sponge cake, whipped cream and fruits, typically peaches and strawberries are added). [76], For most of Uruguay's history, the Partido Colorado has been in government. Cultural experiences in Uruguay include exploring the country's colonial heritage, as found in Colonia del Sacramento. [38], The constitutional government of General Lorenzo Batlle y Grau (186872) suppressed the Revolution of the Lances by the Blancos. [166], The Uruguay national football team has won the FIFA World Cup on two occasions. One of the effects of this high level of unionization was to reduce socio-economic inequalities. WebLead Material Analyst. [61] In 2020, he was succeeded by Luis Alberto Lacalle Pou, member of the conservative National Party, after 15 years of left-wing rule, as the 42nd President of Uruguay. WebUruguay ist nach Suriname der zweitkleinste Staat Sdamerikas. [53] Uruguay terminated the agreement in 2006 following the early repayment of its debt but maintained a number of the policy commitments. The Portuguese were the first Europeans to enter the region of present-day Uruguay in 1512. Uruguay, a nation in southeastern South America covers an area of 176,000 square km and is the continents second smallest nation. [42], The Colorado leader Jos Batlle y Ordez was elected president in 1903. [56][57] Abortion was legalized in 2012,[58] followed by same-sex marriage[59] and cannabis in the following year. (2011). He and his wife, Annette, have six children. No political party won a majority in parliament, but the ruling party formed a coalition to pass legislation. According to one source, around 180 Uruguayans are known to have been killed and disappeared, with thousands more illegally detained and tortured during the 12-year civil-military rule of 1973 to 1985. Newport News, Virginia, United States. [94] In the fiscal year 2010, the United States provided Uruguay with $1.7million in military assistance, including $1million in Foreign Military Financing and $480,000 in International Military Education and Training. [53], President Mujica backed Venezuela's bid to join Mercosur. The country is known for its colonial-era historic districts in Colonia and Montevideo, popular beaches on the Atlantic Coast, and beef productiona former meat processing plant in Fray Bentos is a world heritage site. [25] The Post-Impressionist painter Pedro Figari achieved international renown for his pastel studies of subjects in Montevideo and the countryside. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering the Ro de la Plata to the south and the Atlantic Ocean to the southeast. There are two Montevideo-based football clubs, Nacional and Pearol, who are successful in domestic and South American tournaments and have won three Intercontinental Cups each. Typical dishes include: "Asado uruguayo" (big grill or barbecue of all types of meat), roasted lamb, Chivito (sandwich containing thin grilled beef, lettuce, tomatoes, fried egg, ham, olives and others, and served with French fries), Milanesa (a kind of fried breaded beef), tortellini, spaghetti, gnocchi, ravioli, rice and vegetables. [73], Uruguay adopted its current constitution in 1967. As commodity prices soared and the economy recovered from the recession, he tripled foreign investment, cut poverty and unemployment, cut public debt from 79% of GDP to 60%, and kept inflation steady. [48] According to Edy Kaufman (cited by David Altman[49]), Uruguay at the time had the highest per capita number of political prisoners in the world. [119][120], The Punta del Este International Airport, located 15 kilometres (9.3mi) from Punta del Este in the Maldonado Department, is the second busiest air terminal in Uruguay, built by the Uruguayan architect Carlos Ott it was inaugurated in 1997.[116]. The percentage further increases to 82.4% when cattle breeding is linked to other farm activities such as dairy, forage, and rotation with crops such as rice. [100] Poverty was reduced from 33% in 2002 to 21.7% in July 2008, while extreme poverty dropped from 3.3% to 1.7%. Uruguay: A Country Study, 1990, Rex A. Hudson and Sandra W. Meditz, En el pas de las conquistas sindicales, Christophe Ventura, octubre de 2015, British army attempted to seize Buenos Aires and Montevideo, treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, International Military Education and Training, United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan, Administracin de Ferrocarriles del Estado, "The Tale of Two Civil Societies: Comparing disability rights movements in Nicaragua and Uruguay", "Encuesta Continua de Hogares (ECH) - Instituto Nacional de Estadstica", "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2022", "Hace 13.000 aos cazadores-recolectores exploraron y colonizaron planicie del ro Cuareim", "Presentan tesis del nombre Uruguay Diario EL PAIS Montevideo Uruguay", "Uruguay, el pas de los pjaros pintados despierta la pasin por mirar", "Las estructuras tumulares (cerritos) del litoral atlantico uruguayo", "Uruguay and the memory of the Charra tribe ThePrisma.co.uk", "THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE, 181130 Uruguay", "BEGINNINGS OF INDEPENDENT LIFE, 183052 Uruguay", "THE STRUGGLE FOR SURVIVAL, 185275 Uruguay", "Caudillos and Political Stability Uruguay", "Evolution of the Economy and Society Uruguay", "THE CONSERVATIVE ADJUSTMENT, 193143 Uruguay", "Baldomir and the End of Dictatorship Uruguay", "Uruguay: Political and Economic Conditions and U.S. Relations", "Uruguay's Left Makes History by Winning Presidential Vote", "Uruguay elects Jos Mujica as president, polls show", "Same-sex marriage bill comes into force in Uruguay", "Tabare Vazquez wins Uruguay's run-off election", "Uruguay's new center-right president sworn in", "An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity Supplementary Material", "Tornado kills 4, injures hundreds in Uruguay", "Ola de calor: Florida registr un rcord histrico de temperatura", RECORDS METEOROLOGICOS EN EL URUGUAY Boletn Meteorolgico Mensual Direccin Nacional de Meteorologa, "Uruguay's Constitution of 1966, Reinstated in 1985, with Amendments through 2004", "Uruguay ushers in first conservative government in 15 years", "The Economist Intelligence Unit's Index of Democracy 2012", "Censos 2011 Instituto Nacional de Estadistica", "Uruguay marks distance from Argentina: UK does not come to plunder resources", "Mujica praises Argentina/Uruguay common past; calls for an end to 'ports' war', ''Clarn'': Hay 115 casos de dermatitis en un balneario ubicado frente a Botnia, "Uruguay and Argentina implement "scientific" accord for joint monitoring", Brazil and Uruguay step closer to integration, "Chavez and Mujica Meet and Sign Numerous Bilateral Agreements", "Chapter XXVI: Disarmament No. [62], With 176,214km2 (68,037sqmi) of continental land and 142,199km2 (54,903sqmi) of jurisdictional water and small river islands,[63] Uruguay is the second smallest sovereign nation in South America (after Suriname) and the third smallest territory (French Guiana is the smallest). On his first day in office in March 1985, Sanguinetti re-established complete freedom of the press. Both summer and winter weather may vary from day to day with the passing of storm fronts, where a hot northerly wind may occasionally be followed by a cold wind (pampero) from the Argentine Pampas.[25]. Surfaced roads connect Montevideo to the other urban centers in the country, the main highways leading to the border and neighboring cities. [142] Among the sizeable Armenian community in Montevideo, the dominant religion is Christianity, specifically Armenian Apostolic. [44] In general, the Terra government weakened or neutralized economic nationalism and social reform. The mobile phone market is shared by the state-owned ANTEL and two private companies, Movistar and Claro. Religious organization Send message Hi! [111], In 2007, Uruguay had cattle herds totalling 12million head, making it the country with the highest number of cattle per capita at 3.8. [25], From about the same period came the romantic poetry of Juan Zorrilla de San Martn (18551931), who wrote epic poems about Uruguayan history. [46] The media were censored or banned, the trade union movement was destroyed and tons of books were burned after the banning of some writers' works. One of the main natural attractions in Uruguay is Punta del Este. Uruguay extendi la emergencia agropecuaria hasta fines de abril y agreg ms rubros productivos La medida incluye prstamos blandos, aplazamientos de impuestos y rebaja en tarifas de servicios [28], In 1831 Fructuoso Rivera, Uruguay's first president, organized the final strike of the Charrua genocide, eradicating the last remnants of the Uruguayan native population.[29]. There are still written tracts of the language in the Waldensians Library (Biblioteca Valdense) in the town of Colonia Valdense, Colonia Department. [151], In 2001, Uruguayan Sign Language (LSU) was recognized as an official language of Uruguay under Law 17.378. Uruguay won the inaugural tournament on home soil in 1930 and again in 1950, famously defeating home favourites Brazil in the final match. Most farms (25,500 out of 39,120) are family-managed; beef and wool represent the main activities and main source of income for 65% of them, followed by vegetable farming at 12%, dairy farming at 11%, hogs at 2%, and poultry also at 2%. Uruguay has by far the smallest population of any country that has won a World Cup. [73], The judicial arm is exercised by the Supreme Court, the Bench and Judges nationwide. So far, the disputed areas remain de facto under Brazilian control, with little to no actual effort by Uruguay to assert its claims. The Uruguayan parties received support from warring political factions in neighboring Argentina, which became involved in Uruguayan affairs. [4], Education in Uruguay is secular, free,[152] and compulsory for 14 years, starting at the age of 4. 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